Concrete

Cutting Back Concrete

Planning Production Rates

Cutting Switchboxes

Task / Description	Slow	Ave	Fast	Units
Cutting in Concrete, small box	7.1	9.5	12.5	no/hr
Cutting in Concrete, large box	3.6	4.5	5.6	no/hr
Cutting in Brickwork, small box	6.6	9.5	12.5	no/hr
Cutting in Brickwork, large box	4.2	5.3	6.3	no/hr
Cutting in Lightweight Blockwork, small box	20.0	23.0	25.0	no/hr
Cutting in Lightweight Blockwork, large box	10.0	12.5	14.3	no/hr
Cutting in Heavyweight Blockwork, small box	7.7	10.0	12.5	no/hr
Cutting in Heavyweight Blockwork, large box	3.8	4.8	5.9	no/hr

Cutting Chases

Task / Description	Slow	Ave	Fast	Units
Concrete, cutting by hand, < 25mm wide	1.5	2.1	3.1	m/hr
Concrete, cutting by hand, 25-50mm wide	1.2	1.6	2.5	m/hr
Concrete, cutting by hand, 50-75mm wide	1.0	1.4	2.1	m/hr
Concrete, cutting by hand, 75-100mm wide	0.9	1.2	1.8	m/hr
Concrete, cutting by machine, < 25mm wide	3.1	4.0	5.8	m/hr
Concrete, cutting by machine, 25-50mm wide	2.5	3.3	5.0	m/hr
Concrete, cutting by machine, 50-75mm wide	2.1	2.9	4.2	m/hr
Concrete, cutting by machine, 75-100mm wide	1.8	2.4	3.7	m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by hand, < 25mm wide	2.1	2.7	4.1	m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by hand, 25-50mm wide	1.6	2.3	3.5	m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by hand, 50-75mm wide	1.4	1.9	2.8	m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by hand, 75-100mm wide	1.2	1.6	2.5	m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by machine, < 25mm wide	4.2	5.5	11.1	m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by machine, 25-50mm wide	3.3	4.5	6.7	m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by machine, 50-75mm wide	3.3	4.5	6.7	m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by machine, 75-100mm wide	2.5	3.3	5.0	m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by hand, < 25mm wide	3.8	5.0	7.7	m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by hand, 25-50mm wide	3.2	4.2	6.3	m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by hand, 50-75mm wide	2.6	3.4	5.3	m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by hand, 75-100mm wide	2.3	3.1	4.5	m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by machine, < 25mm wide	7.7	10.0	14.2	m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by machine, 25-50mm wide	5.9	7.7	11.1	m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by machine, 50-75mm wide	5.2	7.2	10.0	m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by machine, 75-100mm wide	4.7	6.3	9.1	m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by hand, < 25mm wide	1.9	2.6	3.8	m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by hand, 25-50mm wide	1.6	2.1	3.2	m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by hand, 50-75mm wide	1.3	1.8	2.7	m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by hand, 75-100mm wide	1.2	1.5	2.3	m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by machine, < 25mm wide	3.8	5.0	7.7	m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by machine, 25-50mm wide	3.2	4.2	6.2	m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by machine, 50-75mm wide	2.7	3.6	5.2	m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by machine, 75-100mm wide	2.3	3.1	4.5	m/hr

Cutting Back for Pile Caps

Task / Description	Slow	Ave	Fast	Units
Concrete Pile Caps, 50-300mm deep and 0.6m dia	0.6	-	0.3	hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, 300-750mm deep and 0.6m dia	1.5	-	0.4	hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, > 750mm deep and 0.6m dia	1.8	-	0.8	hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, 50-300mm deep and 1.1m dia	1.9	-	0.8	hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, 300-750mm deep and 1.1m dia	2.5	-	1.1	hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, > 750mm deep and 1.1m dia	4.2	-	2.3	hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, 50-300mm deep and 2.5m dia	9.2	-	8.2	hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, 300-750mm deep and 2.5m dia	10.1	-	9.5	hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, > 750mm deep and 2.5m dia	11.5	-	10.2	hrs/no
Concrete, Cutting Slabs, 5-25m deep	-	15.2	-	m/hr
Concrete, Cutting Slabs, 25-50m deep	-	11.5	-	m/hr
Concrete, Cutting Slabs, 50-75m deep	-	6.7	-	m/hr
Concrete, Cutting Holes, coring machine	-	0.2	-	m3/hr
Concrete, Cutting Back to expose couplers 0.7m slab	-	2.5	-	m/day

PUBLISHED ON 10 April 2025

Concrete

Non explosive

Penetrating Cone Fracture Rock Breakage.

Tradename of "SunBurst" from Australia. State of the art, non-explosive chemical rock breakage technology for close proximity excavation applications in mining and civil engineering.

Explosive system, cycle time of 6 mins, giving 0.33 m3 each explosion.

A typical rate of 10 No cycles per hour, giving 3.3 m3/hr/rig.

However, tests have shown differing results...

Fresh granite of class 1 strength - One hole in the floor, yielding 0.15 m3 of rock. If more holes had been injected, a yield of 0.5 - 1.0 m3 would be expected.

Moderately fresh igneous rock of class 2 strength - Three holes in a sloping trench, in adjacent locations, yielding 2.6 m3 of rock for each hole.

Moderately weathered volcanic rock of class 3 strength - Two holes in the floor, in separate locations, yielding 1.2 - 1.5 m3 of rock for each hole.

PUBLISHED ON 10 April 2025

Concrete

Concrete Placement

Concrete Placement Man-hour Norms

Description	Tasks	Unit	Tradesman Hours	Labourer Hours
Concrete, unreinforced readymix, placed in
	Blinding layer 50mm thick	m3		2.20
	Column and pier foundations	m3		1.20
	Strip footings	m3		1.30
Concrete, reinforced readymix, placed in
	Column and pier foundations	m3		1.50
	Strip footings	m3		1.60
	Slabs and thickenings on fill	m3		1.75
	Suspended slabs 150/300mm thick	m3		2.00
	Walls 150/300mm thick	m3		2.00
	Columns	m3		2.90
	Attached beams	m3		2.25
	Isolated beams	m3		3.00
	Stairs and landings	m3		3.90

Concrete Placement Planning Production Rates

Task / Description	Slow	Ave	Fast	Units
Placing concrete, lorry based pump	30.0	40.0	50.0	m3/hr
Hollorib Decking, concrete topping	85.0	100.0	120.0	m2/hr
Hollorib Decking, concrete topping, incl PowerFloat	40.0	50.0	70.0	m2/hr
Placing Concrete, By Wheelbarrow over 1-10m	2.1	2.3	2.5	m3/hr
Placing Concrete, By Wheelbarrow over 10-20m	1.5	1.8	2.1	m3/hr
Placing Concrete, By Wheelbarrow over 20-50m	0.8	1.1	1.5	m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Mass Fill	2.8	3.1	3.3	m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, 50mm Blinding	-	1.3	1.6	m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Ground Beams	1.5	-	1.7	m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Pile Caps	1.0	1.5	2.3	m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Duct Walls	-	0.8	1.1	m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Stub Columns	-	0.4	0.6	m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Ground Slab	2.1	2.3	2.6	m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry,Drains Bed and Cover	-	0.9	1.0	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Pile Caps	1.2	1.4	1.6	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Mass Fill	4.0	4.5	5.5	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Slabs under 150mm thick	0.9	1.3	1.7	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Slabs over 150mm thick	1.2	1.5	1.8	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Trough/Coffered Slabs	0.9	1.1	1.2	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Stairs and Landings	0.6	0.7	0.9	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Blinding	0.8	1.0	1.1	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Beams under 150mm thick	0.5	0.6	0.8	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Beams over 150mm thick	0.6	0.8	1.0	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Walls	0.6	1.1	1.5	m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Columns	0.4	0.5	0.6	m3/hr

PUBLISHED ON 10 April 2025

Concrete

Concrete Mixing

Planning Production Rates

/ Description	Slow	Ave	Fast	Units
Concrete Weight, 1m3	-	2.4	-	Tonnes
Readymix Lorry, Length	-	8.3	-	m
Readymix Lorry, Width	-	2.5	-	m
Readymix Lorry, Height	-	3.7	-	m
Readymix Lorry, Length	-	24.4	-	Tonnes
Readymix Lorry, Turning Circle	-	16.4	-	m
Readymix Lorry, Allowable Access Ramp Gradient	-	17.0	20.0	degrees
Mixing Concrete, By Hand	-	0.3	-	m3/hr
Mixing Concrete, Single Drum Paddle Mixer	158.0	180.0	210.0	m3/hr
Mixing Concrete, Double Drum Paddle Mixer	315.0	370.0	420.0	m3/hr
Mixing Concrete, Single Drum Plant Pan Mixer	-	120.0	-	m3/hr
Mixing Concrete, Dry Mix Plant	-	90.0	-	m3/hr